This paper summarizes major individual and corporate tax provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), traces its origins, and compares its changes to previous tax changes. We examine its effects on the budget, economic activity, and distribution of resources. Based on evidence through...
From 1965 to 2022, the share of outstanding U.S. stock held in taxable brokerage and mutual fund accounts declined from 79 percent to 27 percent, as reflected in data from the financial accounts of the U.S. government collected by the Federal Reserve. The share of publicly traded stock held in...
In this brief, we describe the features of the US tax system that favor buybacks over dividends. We also estimate the size of those tax advantages. In the absence of any excise taxes, we calculate the US tax advantage for buybacks over dividends would be 7.2 percent. About two-thirds of the...
In a pending Supreme Court case, Moore v. United States, the plaintiffs are challenging the constitutionality of a provision in the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act imposing a transition tax on certain undistributed foreign profits of US taxpayers. The outcome of this case may severely constrain the...
Total state tax revenue collections increased 21.7 percent in nominal terms and 13.9 percent in real terms in the first quarter of 2022 relative to a year earlier.
The double-digit growth in state tax revenues is from very volatile sources and is largely attributable to atypical revenue-...
Tax-exempt organizations are subsidized relative to taxable organizations because income related to furthering their core mission is excluded from income tax. The value of this subsidy is unclear. There is no government-provided estimate, and the tax benefit for any organization depends on the...
Each year, the Internal Revenue Services receives over 3 billion information returns, such as W-2s and 1099-INTs, from employers, banks, and other entities. The IRS also collects some data about taxpayers from other government agencies and the private sector. But given budget cuts and data...
Sweeping Changes and an Uncertain Legacy
This paper summarizes major individual and corporate tax provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), traces its origins, and compares its changes to previous tax changes. We examine its effects on the budget, economic activity, and distribution of resources. Based on evidence through...
Who's Left to Tax? Grappling with a Dwindling Shareholder Tax Base
From 1965 to 2022, the share of outstanding U.S. stock held in taxable brokerage and mutual fund accounts declined from 79 percent to 27 percent, as reflected in data from the financial accounts of the U.S. government collected by the Federal Reserve. The share of publicly traded stock held in...
What is The Us Tax Advantage of Stock Buybacks Over Dividends?
In this brief, we describe the features of the US tax system that favor buybacks over dividends. We also estimate the size of those tax advantages. In the absence of any excise taxes, we calculate the US tax advantage for buybacks over dividends would be 7.2 percent. About two-thirds of the...
The Potential Economic Consequences of Disallowing the Taxation of Unrealized Income
In a pending Supreme Court case, Moore v. United States, the plaintiffs are challenging the constitutionality of a provision in the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act imposing a transition tax on certain undistributed foreign profits of US taxpayers. The outcome of this case may severely constrain the...
Ed Kleinbard's Business Enterprise Income Tax
Incorporating Intangibles into TPC Effective Tax Rate Models
Business Uptake of Investment Expensing
State Tax and Economic Review, 2022 Quarter 1
Total state tax revenue collections increased 21.7 percent in nominal terms and 13.9 percent in real terms in the first quarter of 2022 relative to a year earlier.
The double-digit growth in state tax revenues is from very volatile sources and is largely attributable to atypical revenue-...
How Much Do Tax-Exempt Organizations Benefit from Tax Exemption?
Tax-exempt organizations are subsidized relative to taxable organizations because income related to furthering their core mission is excluded from income tax. The value of this subsidy is unclear. There is no government-provided estimate, and the tax benefit for any organization depends on the...
Machine Learning and Tax Enforcement
Each year, the Internal Revenue Services receives over 3 billion information returns, such as W-2s and 1099-INTs, from employers, banks, and other entities. The IRS also collects some data about taxpayers from other government agencies and the private sector. But given budget cuts and data...